ON / OFF
13.03.2023: The first message from the U. S. – the closure of the insolvent Silicon Valley Bank. The second message – Washington will no longer bail out big banks in trouble. What we see happening today is the result of wrong decisions made in the past. As soon as banks were allowed to finance empty ideas, the era of startups began, the giant lie machine started and the industrial depression began. Working prototypes should have been funded, but the opposite happened. Today, you only need to demand to show what was actually created with borrowed money and you will suddenly realize, that to all creditors have been put horns.
THE SOLUTION – to turn to technology developers, who have working prototypes and are alone trying to wade through the swamp of lies. Such developers are usually very small, you will not find their traces in banks and they are not really sponsored by corporations. You want to spend money on new technology – touch the created thing ;)
02.03.2023: Everyone repeats the same mantras and incantations, that hydrogen is the perfect element to mix with methane. Really?
Hydrogen is very sensitive to storage and transportation, and its use for heating (at home) – a separate legend. The smart people talk about the production of hydrogen and a little about the problems related to it, but everyone like under a spell avoids further insights about the problems of hydrogen use.
Hydrogen burns into point, which is already a huge problem, that is taboo to talk about. Another problem is the transportation of hydrogen by rail, ships, gas pipelines, gas cylinders – it is also taboo here for some reason. Scientists all over the world are working hard in their labs with burning of hydrogen, but so far they have not provide solutions. Imagine, what will happen, if they supply hydrogen to heating systems (boilers) for consumers? That would be a huge mistake.
The world is focused on the production of hydrogen, but not on the use of hydrogen, and with this attitude, the world will solve this problem for another hundred years. The solution is simple, but no one wants to see or hear it, because then a very uncomfortable truth will emerge. It is most convenient not to change anything, to keep lying to everyone, that we will soon start looking for an idea, that will come to mind for money? This has been happening for many years and the big ones are not even going to change anything. The proverb says: until the lightning strikes, then a person will not start to pray.
24.01.2023: The whole world was delusional for many years about mixing hydrogen with methane or propane gas, but over time they learned, that these gases do not mix in the long term and such gas mixtures should not be allowed into main gas pipelines. Gas users went into catatonia and started hangovers. Suddenly everyone started talking again about the ecological production of methane gas from organic compounds. There have been those, who claim, that cars should be filled with methane gas and that internal combustion engines should continue to be used in transport. So where are the heralds, who shouted louder than each other, that they already have a technological solution how to rid the planet of CO2 excess? Today it is clear, that their goal was only to absorb money, not to fulfill obligations. All are clever at presenting an idea, a concept, but no one have gone further as an idea or a concept. Therefore, it can be safely called fantasies, that are only in the head, but do not have any technical progress justification.
Let's hypothetically imagine the process of creating a WARP engine. The goal of the great ones – maximum result with minimum effort. Therefore, an impressive budget is announced, the task is formulated and handed down to the most talented entrepreneurs or university managements. The fact is, that this task is neither interesting nor necessary for everyone, only that impressive budget is needed to support the lifestyle. No matter which direction we choose, the impressive budget will have to travel through start-up companies, the TRL system, consortia (where at least one member must belong to a group, for example: Hydrogen Europe or Hydrogen Europe Research). On the way down, the atomic part of the impressive budget will reach the bottom, where the extremely responsible, difficult and complex process of teaching plankton at the university is carried out for pay. Everyone, who had to study at the university, immediately understood, that the WARP engine was started by plankton. Such a system destroys the emergence of absolute novelty, because everything must remain only with the great ones and for their well-being.
A good start – half the job, but the system is man-made, and where a man has touched, you can always expect an exception or an error. Obviously, the system was designed to have full control over progress from top to bottom. Alternative opportunities are created by patents and patent law, but in practice it does not work, because patent law is heterogeneous and treated differently in the world, and anecdotal wisdom says, that if you are in a special hurry to get out - patent it! Until recently, public trust in science was unconditional and obvious. Time has shown, that such confidence was naive and ridiculous, as the great mass of results was attracted to the desired result. Plagiarism checking systems are very limited and cannot detect plagiarism, where in other words the old is presented as new. The public wants to insinuate, that only universities - educational institutions can create, and impressive budgets – guarantee the result. Is it really that simple in reality, when conditions change?
The form of the content changes every time, when the experience visits. At the same time, a feeling is formed, that printed promises cannot influence anyone by themselves. So, a different form of speech is formed during the game, when the necessary decisions become sleek. Progress slows until eventually it stops and there is no more room for deception or punishment. But there will always be such educated eyes, that will not stop looking over the shoulder of the developers, there will be legs, that will run to the laboratories and try to replicate, what was already noticed long before. With such an established system, nothing new can even theoretically emerge, the great ones will try to continue to maintain their way of life, and we will all climb onto the same rake, until…
To be continued…
31.12.2022: Unfortunately, hydrogen is not like gasoline or diesel, which are the materials of relatively low flammability, explosiveness and penetration. Before getting into a car equipped with hydrogen fuel cells, consider the facts responsibly, that hydrogen gas burns 7 times faster than methane gas, it has no smell, the hydrogen filling process is particularly dangerous in sub-zero temperature conditions, the point burning of hydrogen begins after the conditions of concentration, pressure and spark are met, and in the worst case scenario, you will only have 1-2 seconds to control the unfortunate event. Today it is already obvious, that the ideas and prayers of start-ups alone will not start the engine, the essence of the problem remains the same – the use of hydrogen.
Let's go back to the recent past when acid was just acid and was used at just a few percent strength. Until a person appeared, who used an intermediate metal, that participated in the reaction, but did not remain in the compound, thus a new stage of reactives / catalysts began in the history of the global chemical industry. Today we have an analogous situation with hydrogen gas, which is simply understood bluntly like any other gas, so the aim is to attract hydrogen gas to the desired result, without trying to understand and admit, that everything can be done differently. The world is trying to curb the hydrogen atom, although many do not even realize, that behind it, is the control of magnetic, electric, gravitational and other fields, and until we control the fields at the quantum level – nothing will be achieved.
Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world (Archimedes, 287 BCE - 212/211 BCE). True ideas are not forgotten through the ages, and how far will we go with the expression of an idea of the present day, when scientists find, that a fly becomes deaf, when all its limbs are cut off? When changing the direction and aiming to do differently, it will be necessary to break the given scientific mindset, to adopt new forms of systematization, to change or modify the available measuring devices, because they were given measurement limits in advance. Without the titanic effort and gigantic manipulation of hydrogen to get an electric current, it only takes a few watts to get the strong/weak interaction. The result – great strength – energy trapped at the quantum/subquantum level. The smaller the particle, the greater the energy released.
Have an ingenious New Year!
To be continued…
25.12.2022: Technology, that is significantly more advanced than what is currently used - akin to magic.
The world has run into a few small problems and the seams of the ball came loose. We no longer mix hydrogen gas with other gases, the revolution in the use of pure hydrogen (gas/liquid) has not happened in practice, we pass hydrogen with oxygen through a membrane into a container and get electric charges with a huge heat problem, which we solve using the same resource - electricity. We have lifted a long-known, researched and written-off technology from the technology bench - Tokomak. So now we raise the temperature to infinity in the circular electromagnetic field of the high-temperature plasma. But here it is the same as looking for a black cat in a dark room, when it is not even there!
In order to add value, it is enough to pass hydrogen gas through a structured low-frequency field, where the charges acquire an additional shoulder, which after using it we obtain a huge amount of energy and perform energy management with the same fields. So, without much effort, hydrogen can be used to generate heat, to product electricity, etc.
To be continued...
17.12.2022: The Achilles heel of all hydrogen technology - the lack of knowledge about the material itself and its properties when conditions change (temperature, pressure, shape, field, etc.). When the fields are formed at zero-degree temperature (Kelvin), hydrogen atoms acquire a linear structure in the direction of the force field lines when moving along the field lines, due to their diffuse properties, they acquire and take over the properties of other electrics and dielectrics. For example, hydrogen at zero K (Kelvin) temperature is 1,974 × 10-9 m3/kg, at 293 K temperature is 1,9867 × 10-9 m3/kg, but in order to keep the substance at <20 K (in the liquid state) hydrogen will be 2,7 × 10-9 m3/kg. CONCLUSION: at even the slightest temperature change, the material begins to stretch and the crystal lattice holes are knocked out of the material (not to mention the monocrystalline or polycrystalline state). Hydrogen does not have a magnetic structure up to a certain limit, so its use is very small, but after it is structured, it can be used in quantum mechanics as a stabilizer, adding to other sequences of technical solutions.
To be continued...
11.12.2022: History repeats and now it's time to say: THE KING IS NAKED! (Hans Christian Andersen: The Emperor's New Clothes, 1837).
Thanks Robert Boyle (in 1671) for discovered and described the reaction, which resulted in the production of gas. Thanks Henry Cavendish (in 1776) for described the density of inflammable air, which formed water on combustion process. Thanks Alessandro Volta (in 1800) for described the direct current source. Thanks John Daniel (in 1836) for the discovery of a two-fluid battery (Daniel Cell).
Let's skip 184 years and jump straight to 2020. We are using high-capacity batteries extensively and moving towards hydrogen fuel cells with great enthusiasm. Volkswagen published a great technology comparison, BUT as always, not everything was revealed.
Title: Battery or fuel cell, that is the question
Date: 03.12.2020
Link: https://www.volkswagen-newsroom.com/en/stories/battery-or-fuel-cell-that-is-the-question-5868
“In the case of the hydrogen-powered e-car, the losses are much greater: 45 percent of the energy is already lost during the production of hydrogen through electrolysis. Of this remaining 55 percent of the original energy, another 55 percent is lost when converting hydrogen into electricity within the vehicle. This means that the hydrogen-powered e-car only achieves an efficiency of between 25 to 35 percent, depending on the model. For the sake of completeness: the efficiency is even worse with alternative fuels. The overall efficiency here is only 10 to 20 percent.”
It's clear, that the implementation of technologies always aims at only one most important goal - to keep the user connected to the common network. When you need to charge the car's battery - you will connect to the public electricity network and pay according to the set price, when you need to add hydrogen to the car's system to produce electricity - you will connect to the public hydrogen network and pay the set price. Do you still remember those cool times and the famous NOKIA (https://www.nokia.com) slogan - Connecting people? Unfortunately, today we have to state, that everything has improved so much and it has become a different reality - CONNECTED PEOPLE.
You will say where the problem is, if it is a normal daily life of the user? The first problem lies in the current balancing of the electricity grid. From now on, start constantly measuring the fluctuations of the electric voltage entering the internal home network, sometimes give the internal network maximum loads and it is only a matter of time when you will be unpleasantly surprised. The second problem lies in the structure of hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas is not an ordinary macromolecular gas, but a gas with an atomic structure. Buy a filled hydrogen gas cylinder and weigh it, keep weighing it every month and you will be pleasantly surprised again.
Let's skip 2 years and jump straight to 2022. When a person does not know and understand something in life, everything seems like wow / new to him. Investors these days have special patience for the outcome or have separate goals, that have nothing to do with the expected outcome. A few years pass and the old is presented to investors as newly invented. The problems of hydrogen production have been known for a long time and there are much better solutions than what is currently offered to investors. You will say gas is gas, but is everything really that simple with hydrogen gas, when it comes to the direct use of hydrogen gas?
Title: After selling two software start-ups for over $1 billion, founder turns his focus to green hydrogen
Date: 25.01.2022
Link: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/25/h2pro-founded-by-ex-juno-viber-founder-raises-from-gates-fund.html
"Also, a typical electrolyzer is about 70% efficient, meaning that about 30% of the energy that goes into an electrolyzer gets lost to heat. The H2Pro technology will be 95% efficient, Marco said.”
“H2Pro aims to have pilot systems being tested in 2023 and utility scale systems in 2024. On Tuesday, H2Pro announced it has raised $75 million from investors including Bill Gates’ climate tech investing fund, Breakthrough Energy Ventures, and ArcelorMittal, a global leading steel and mining company. This most recent funding brings its total funding to $107 million.”
Pay attention to the future tense in articles, that only say when something will be created, prepared, tested, delivered... The correct assessment of such a situation should be as follows: nothing new has been created, unforeseen problems have arisen, money of investors is running out and the promises made are only promises will remain.
THE PROBLEM LIES NOT IN THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN, BUT IN ITS USE AND CONTROL OF THE ONGOING PROCESSES.
It seems, that now we will have to talk about the money. Success formula of EU Hydrogen Technology value chain: (5.4 billion EUR + perhaps 8.8 billion EUR) / 35 companies or 41 projects = 0.1543 billion EUR + perhaps 0.2514 billion EUR for company or 0.1317 billion EUR + perhaps 0.2146 billion EUR for the project. Let's pay attention to, what we will get after spending this money: Hydrogen Generation technology + Fuel Cells Technology + Storage Transportation and Distribution Technology + End User Technology.
The established formula for success in this case is very simple, but the result is immediately clear. Money will 100% run out, expectations will not be met, everyone will be justified by war or inflation and precious time will be lost once again. Big world, why are you so strangely convinced, that discovering new technologies requires so much money? Is knowledge, trained eyes and life experience is no longer in fashion?
Title: State Aid: Commission approves up to €5.4 billion of public support by fifteen Member States for an Important Project of Common European Interest in the hydrogen technology value chain
Date: 15.07.2022
Link: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_22_4544
Analyse the table above and let's imagine a case hypothetically, where a large corporation controls the global wiring industry and it learns in advance, that a wireless technology of energy supply is possible. What do you think the corporation will do with such advance information? We allow everyone to answer individually according to their own experience.
If we have already talked about the money, we will have to mention start-ups as well. Read an eloquent and instructive article about Nikola Motor. It turns out, that not only good and beautiful things happen across the Atlantic, but sometimes bad ones too.
Title: Nikola founder Trevor Milton stands trial on fraud charges, capping a stunning rise and fall
Date: 13.09.2022
Link: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/13/nikola-founder-trevor-milton-stands-trial-on-fraud-charges.html
“Prosecutors allege:
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Milton said that the company’s first semitruck prototype, called the Nikola One, was “fully functional” – but it wasn’t.
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A video showing the prototype truck apparently driving under its own power was created by rolling the truck — which couldn’t drive on its own — down a hill.
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Separately, Milton claimed that Nikola had engineered and built an electric pickup truck called the Badger, entirely on its own, after years of work. But, prosecutors say, the Badger was little more than “concept sketches and renderings” at the time of Milton’s initial statements.
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While the company eventually showed a prototype Badger, the show truck was in fact built by third-party vendors and based on a truck from a large automaker.
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Milton also told investors that Nikola was producing hydrogen gas — needed to refuel its fuel-cell-powered trucks — at a reduced cost; that Nikola had developed electric-vehicle batteries in-house; and that Nikola had binding orders representing “billions in revenue” for its electric trucks. All of those statements were false, according to prosecutors.”
An idea or a start-up is the same, here as a thought with a name, which unfortunately turns out to have nothing to do with implementation. The current system of development and search for new technologies is broken - it needs to be fundamentally changed. Is it so difficult to set the same rules of the game for everyone? A technological innovation must be clearly understood, a working prototype must be created and only then, we can start talking about the development of the technology and other things, that are greatly overestimated in the life of a modern person.
The beginning of the end comes with a thought someone says. If we don't find a way to use hydrogen directly, it will be like sand in the desert, that no one needs. Until recently the headlines flashed about mixing hydrogen with natural gas. But suddenly there was a sharp decrease in the number of speeches on this topic and what happened, we gained a bitter experience? Now the whole world is writing about the bright future of hydrogen fuel cells. And this is the best that science professors and hydrogen experts offered?
Just two months have passed from 15.07.2022 and here is the second money injection into EU Hydrogen value chain: (5.2 billion EUR + perhaps 7 billion EUR) / another 29 companies or 35 projects. Let's pay attention to, what we will get this time after spending this money: Hydrogen Infrastructure + Hydrogen applications in Industry. It is clear, that the rush in this case is purposeful and the fears about the energy collapse of the EU are real. Whoever controls energy - controls everything.
Title: State Aid: Commission approves up to €5.2 billion of public support by thirteen Member States for the second Important Project of Common European Interest in the hydrogen value chain
Date: 21.09.2022
Link: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_5676
We are nearing the end, so we offer a dessert called: The winners.
In Category A: Concepts - "Power Barge based on fuel cell technology". Anyone who looks deeper will notice, that this concept is not new and it is not revolutionary, it is just a step backwards.
In Category B: Prototypes - "dual-fuel and mono-fuel applications". Dear jury, that’s demonstrate technical feasibility? If you look deeper, you will find: "The HydroBingo is the first 80 passenger ferry for commercial use with two hydrogen diesel combustion engines. This hydrogen-powered ferry is an eco-ship that significantly reduces the amount of CO₂ and other harmful gases. CO₂ emissions are up to 50% lower compared to a conventional diesel engine.". Sorry, but hydrogen is a substance, that burns or explodes. A diesel engine in contact with hydrogen has two possibilities: to explode or to get holes in the body of diesel engine.
In Category C: Existing Solutions - FCwaveTM, supplies ships with emission-free energy from hydrogen. Anyone who looks deeper will find product specifications of FCwaveTM: "peak fuel efficiency: 53.5%", "minimum start-up temperature: 0°C". Unfortunately, there is nothing new and the product is not economically useful for the user.
Title: Innovation Competition ‚ZeroEmission@Berth‘ / The winners
Date: 29.09.2022
Link: https://www.maritimes-cluster.de/en/topics-and-projects/zeroemissionberth/
“In Category A: Concepts, the award went to the Norwegian company TECO 2030 AS. With its Power Barge based on fuel cell technology, the company aims to bring to market a mobile, floating zero-emission power supply for ships at berth or at anchor. “A key aspect is that we look holistically at ports and the general conditions there for using our technology,” emphasised Fredrik Aarskog, the company’s Business Development Manager – Hydrogen Technology, at the award ceremony. Moreover, the system is not only suitable for use in ports or at anchor, but also for ships in motion.”
*TECO Marine Fuel Cell System: https://teco2030.no/solutions/teco-marine-fuel-cell/
“The winner in Category B: Prototypes is CMB Germany GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of the Belgian CMB Group. CMB has developed dual-fuel and mono-fuel applications for the emission-free and emission-reduced onshore power supply of ships at berth. “What’s innovative is that you can continue to use an existing technology – the diesel engine, but convert it to hydrogen,” explains Benjamin Weinacht, Managing Director of CMB Germany. “We’re taking into account the fact that hydrogen is not yet immediately available everywhere, as the engines can continue to generate electricity with diesel during the transition phase.”
*HydroBingo: https://www.cmb.be/en/news/hydrobingo-the-first-hydrogen-powered-ferry-has-been-presented
“The winners in Category C: Existing Solutions are the Danish companies Ballard Power Systems Europe and CS electric A/S. Their jointly developed and already certified product, FCwaveTM, supplies ships with emission-free energy from hydrogen. The fuel cells can be installed in 20-foot containers and, thanks to their very low noise level, are also highly suited for port environments. “Our approach was to use an existing zero-emission technology in a new environment – ports, which are looking to become more environmentally friendly in future,” says Thomas T. Petersen, Product Line Manager Marine at Ballard. “The solution has great potential, also because it can be scaled up quickly,” adds Gert Andersen, Senior Sales Manager at CS electric.”
*Fuel Cell Power Module for Marine Applications: https://www.ballard.com/docs/default-source/spec-sheets/fcwavetm-specification-sheet.pdf?sfvrsn=6e44dd80_12
Hydrogen vs nuclear energy? Winfried Otto Schumann (1888-1974) would advise you today to choose hydrogen. R. Rothrock said: “More money means more start-ups and to me that means more shots on goal (improving odds of success)”. There is no success in hydrogen or in nuclear energy. In both cases only knowledge and experience are required. Otherwise, we'll just extend this list: Nikola, Theranos, Mars One...
Title: Why Silicon Valley is so hot on nuclear energy and what it means for the industry
Date: 02.12.2022
Link: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/02/why-silicon-valley-is-so-hot-on-nuclear-energy.html
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“Harvard’s Oreskes says the nuclear industry is a “technology with a long history of broken promises,” and she is skeptical of the sudden investor interest.”
“If you were my daughter, and you had a boyfriend that had made repeated promises to you over months, years, decades, constantly breaking them, I would say, ‘Do you really want to be with this guy?”
“She’s not categorically anti-nuclear, and supports the continued operation of nuclear power plants that already exist. But she’s particularly skeptical of fusion, which has been promised to be “just around the corner” for decades, and says this new round of investments in fusion “doesn’t pass the laugh test.”
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“Ultimately, the new crop of nuclear startups has to figure out how to create nuclear energy in a cost-competitive way, or nothing else matters, says Rothrock.”
“More money means more startups and to me that means more shots on goal (improving odds of success),” he told CNBC.”
“The issue in nuclear is economics. Plants are complicated and take a while to build. Some of these new startups are tackling those issues making them more simple and thus cheaper. No one will buy an expensive power plant, especially a nuclear plant. Economics drives it all.”
When winter comes snowflakes fall, the cold sets in and here are created perfect conditions for self-electrostatic. And now hypothetically imagine an EU pipeline filled with hydrogen gas, with underground hydrogen storage facilities, which connects even several or all EU countries. Everyone is just bragging about, how rivers of green hydrogen are about to start flowing, but everyone has forgotten the huge problem - the penetration of hydrogen atoms through materials. In this case bonus pater familia would ask: what do you think, how long it will be, before we all hear about the difference of potentials?
More than fifty years have passed in the active search for an efficient and new way of hydrogen use. Forget those hydrogen fuel cells, this is just a dream, that won't catch on. There were those, who respectfully and questioningly looked at NASA, but there is silence on this side of the camp as well. Ambition: full control of the risk of explosion, control of the point burn of hydrogen and temperature removal through non-super materials. Hey everyone, who got funded, where are these working prototypes of hydrogen use?
EPILOGUE. Money spent on hydrogen progress only made the situation worse. In principle, no one overdid, because everyone from the beginning was only busy absorbing the money and justifying expenses.
To be continued…
26.10.2022: Maybe it's time everyone got their eyes checked? The projects being developed in the world today are limited to nomenclatural actions, not promising development. An eye doctor would clearly see signs of myopia here. Project funding is based on imposed compliance criteria, that have nothing to do with the final product. Thousands of calls for applications for the development of new technologies and ideas are published. Applications are submitted with incredible finesse, with the purpose - to get funding. And since when do you need money to create something new, maybe creative muses are sold in supermarkets or on YouTube?
In the history of the world, there are many examples when working prototypes of new technologies are not interesting to anyone, until the conditions for it arise: crisis, pandemic, recession, end of resources, famine of ideas, etc. Then we face a situation where the money was spent, the result is zero, precious time was lost, because all the obtained results were attracted to the desired result.
Hydrogen fuel cells - the future of human development? We will pour pure hydrogen into safe containers, produce electricity through a catalytic reaction, and call it moving with hydrogen? There was a time not long ago when the laws of physics were taught in schools and explained about the penetration of hydrogen through matter. Everyone forgot, that in 30 days period everyone hydrogen container loses from 23 to 60 percent of own pure hydrogen? Where is the economy, consumers will be warned about it?
To be continued...
22.10.2022: Who doesn't know history – will repeat the same historical mistakes. 150 years ago, it was said that fossil energy sources are only a temporary solution in the short term. The rule, that there is nothing more permanent than temporary, has proven itself once again. The long-term and massive use of fossil resources in energy systems has finally brought the world to a dead end. We announce funding and tenders, organize hackathons, invest in startups, allocate impressive budgets, and try to catch that one idea? The result: All quiet on the Western front (Erich Maria Remarque)?
But do we all really want and are we ready for an absolute energy innovation? Can we end with this stone age already, when there are still stones around...?
One of the possible solutions to the problem – water. Water as a universal type of fuel can be used in all states of aggregation and as individual elements: hydrogen and oxygen. Water is an ideal chemical state for storage, transportation, and conversion to other types of energy. After passing through the modulated fields, the hydrogen ions acquire new properties and a huge amount of energy is released here. So, we have a new energy direction for movement in space and on earth.
Don't mix hydrogen with other gases, don't make hydrogen for storage and transportation, we certainly don't need a visible and bright burning flame that we could take for use from a burning spot. The controlled use of freshly produced and immediately consumed hydrogen in small quantities is safe, because the surface tension of the shielding material needs to be maintained in order for an explosion to occur.
Aviation and space technology have evolved through pushing forces and we have relegated aerostats as an unreliable and non-progressive form of propulsion in space. Maybe it's time to remember what is forgotten and take a new look at aerostats?
To be continued...
03.10.2022: The use of hydrogen in industry is currently only a few percent due to the limitations of modern technologies. Meanwhile, hydrogen is absolutely unused in the household. The goals set for science were focused on the production of cheap hydrogen, although the essence of the problem is and was the use of hydrogen. The publicized way of using hydrogen, which is often described as burning hydrogen by mixing it with other gases, is wrong and has absolutely no prospects for a technological breakthrough. Due to hydrogen burning speed and point burning, the use of hydrogen-based temperatures is very problematic and dangerous in modern devices.
For example, through the existing gas pipeline we allow up to 20% of hydrogen mixed with methane gas (although hydrogen cannot be mixed and stored with other gases in the long term) to combustion boilers in power plants or to the final household user. Most of the modern gas heating boilers are created using the principle of blowing gas on the material or burning gas through burners and the principle of all combustion boilers in power plants is similar to a pot placed on a gas stove by a household user, in which immediately appears a hole, because the pot is not adapted to such temperature jumps, roughly rounded to lower half 3000 °C.
Hypothetically, let's imagine that the pot did not appear a hole, because it was made of a newly discovered super material and let's imagine an ordinary household user who tries to stop the combustion process of the gas mixture. The burning speed of hydrogen leads a sudden introduction of the flame into the supply gas network, which in turn will cause catastrophic consequences for the network and nearby household consumers. Regardless of the operating principle of the selected gas heating boiler, all boilers will also burn out very quickly, if we use pure hydrogen or mix it with other gases.
A possible alternative - hydrogen fuel cells and electricity obtained from them? Unfortunately not, but the comment on this technological direction later.
During independent experiments it was noticed that hydrogen, under certain fields and conditions, acquires new properties completely uncharacteristic of it. Therefore, hydrogen should be considered as a substance for which, by changing the exposure conditions at the subatomic level, an extremely large amount of energy can be practically extracted. The use of energy at the subatomic level, allows us to expand the discussion about the use of hydrogen not only in industry and household, but also in aviation, shipping, space, etc.
To be continued...